河南警察学院学报

侦查程序是刑事诉讼的源头性环节，其法治化水平直接决定一国刑事法治的文明程度、人权保障底线与司法公正成色。在全面推进中国式法治现代化、深化以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革的新时代背景下，我国现行侦查程序在权力规制、权利保障、检察监督、数字侦查适配、诉讼程序衔接等方面仍存在诸多结构性短板与实践困境。启动第四次《中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法》修改，对侦查程序进行体系性完善，既是回应司法实践突出问题的迫切需要，也是落实宪法“尊重和保障人权”原则、贯彻权力制约监督法治原理、适配数字法治时代发展、提升司法公信力的必然要求。笔者结合六十余年刑事诉讼法学研究与历次《刑事诉讼法》修改立法论证的实践积累，系统梳理当前侦查程序运行的现实困境，深入阐释改革完善的法理根基与现实必要性，并提出具体的制度重构方案。本次修法应以侦查程序现代化为核心目标，以理念重塑为引领，以权力规制为核心，以权利保障为重点，以监督强化为支撑，以数字适配为关键，构建权责清晰、制约有效、保障充分、运行规范的中国特色现代侦查程序体系，为新时代刑事司法高质量发展奠定坚实制度基础。

The investigation process constitutes the originating phase of criminal procedure, and its level of rule-of-law directly determines the degree of civilization of a country's criminal justice system, the baseline of human rights protection, and the quality of judicial fairness. Against the backdrop of comprehensively advancing the modernization of the rule of law with Chinese characteristics and deepening the trial-centered litigation system reform in the new era, China's current investigation process still faces numerous structural deficiencies and practical dilemmas in areas such as power regulation, rights protection, prosecutorial supervision, adaptation to digital investigation, and procedural articulation with adjudicative proceedings. Initiating the fourth amendment to the Criminal Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China to systematically improve the investigation process is not only an urgent necessity to address prominent issues in judicial practice but also an inevitable requirement for implementing the constitutional principle of “respecting and safeguarding human rights, ” giving effect to the rule-of-law principle of power checks and supervision, adapting to the development of the digital rule-of-law era, and enhancing judicial credibility. Drawing on over sixty years of research in criminal procedure law and accumulated practical experience in legislative deliberation for previous amendments to the Criminal Procedure Law, this study systematically examines the current practical dilemmas in the operation of the investigation process, thoroughly expounds the jurisprudential foundations and practical necessities for reform, and proposes a specific institutional reconstruction plan. This amendment should take the modernization of the investigation process as its core objective, guided by conceptual reshaping, centered on power regulation, focused on rights protection, supported by strengthened supervision, and keyed to digital adaptation, in order to construct a modern investigation process system with Chinese characteristics characterized by clear powers and responsibilities, effective checks, adequate safeguards, and standardized operation, thereby laying a solid institutional foundation for high-quality development of criminal justice in the new era.